An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms)

This bill is from the 44th Parliament, 1st session, which ended in January 2025.

Sponsor

Marco Mendicino  Liberal

Status

This bill has received Royal Assent and is now law.

Summary

This is from the published bill. The Library of Parliament has also written a full legislative summary of the bill.

This enactment amends the Criminal Code to, among other things,
(a) increase, from 10 to 14 years, the maximum penalty of imprisonment for indictable weapons offences in sections 95, 96, 99, 100 and 103;
(b) establish a regime that would permit any person to apply for an emergency prohibition order or an emergency limitations on access order and allow the judge to protect the security of the person or of anyone known to them;
(c) deem certain firearms to be prohibited devices for the purpose of specified provisions;
(d) create new offences for possessing and making available certain types of computer data that pertain to firearms and prohibited devices and for altering a cartridge magazine to exceed its lawful capacity;
(e) include, for interception of private communications purposes, sections 92 and 95 in the definition of “offence” in section 183;
(f) authorize employees of certain federal entities who are responsible for security to be considered as public officers for the purpose of section 117.07; and
(g) include certain firearm parts to offences regarding firearms.
The enactment also amends the Firearms Act to, among other things,
(a) prevent individuals who are subject to a protection order or who have been convicted of certain offences relating to domestic violence from being eligible to hold a firearms licence;
(b) transfer authority to the Commissioner of Firearms to approve, refuse, renew and revoke authorizations to carry referred to in paragraph 20(a) of the Act;
(c) limit the transfer of handguns only to businesses and exempted individuals and the transfer of cartridge magazines and firearm parts;
(d) impose requirements in respect of the importation of ammunition, cartridge magazines and firearm parts;
(e) prevent certain individuals from being authorized to transport handguns from a port of entry;
(f) require a chief firearms officer to suspend a licence if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that the licence holder is no longer eligible for it;
(g) require the delivery of firearms to a peace officer, or their lawful disposal, if a refusal to issue, or revocation of, a licence has been referred to a provincial court under section 74 of the Act in respect of those firearms;
(h) revoke an individual’s licence if there is reasonable grounds to suspect that they engaged in an act of domestic violence or stalking or if they become subject to a protection order;
(i) authorize the issuance, in certain circumstances, of a conditional licence for the purposes of sustenance;
(j) authorize, in certain circumstances, the Commissioner of Firearms, the Registrar of Firearms or a chief firearms officer to disclose certain information to a law enforcement agency for the purpose of an investigation or prosecution related to the trafficking of firearms;
(k) provide that the annual report to the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness regarding the administration of the Act must include information on disclosures made to law enforcement agencies and be submitted no later than May 31 of each year; and
(l) create an offence for a business to advertise a firearm in a manner that depicts, counsels or promotes violence against a person, with a few exceptions.
The enactment also amends the Nuclear Safety and Control Act to, among other things,
(a) provide nuclear security officers and on-site nuclear response force members with the authority to carry out the duties of peace officers at high-security nuclear sites; and
(b) permit licensees who operate high-security nuclear sites to acquire, possess, transfer and dispose of firearms, prohibited weapons and prohibited devices used in the course of maintaining security at high-security nuclear sites.
The enactment also amends the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act to
(a) designate the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness as the Minister responsible for the establishment of policies respecting inadmissibility on grounds of transborder criminality for the commission of an offence on entering Canada;
(b) specify that the commission, on entering Canada, of certain offences under an Act of Parliament that are set out in the regulations is a ground of inadmissibility for a foreign national; and
(c) correct certain provisions in order to resolve a discrepancy and clarify the rule set out in those provisions.
Finally, the enactment also amends An Act to amend certain Acts and Regulations in relation to firearms so that certain sections of that Act come into force on the day on which this enactment receives royal assent.

Similar bills

C-21 (43rd Parliament, 2nd session) An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms)

Elsewhere

All sorts of information on this bill is available at LEGISinfo, an excellent resource from Parliament. You can also read the full text of the bill.

Bill numbers are reused for different bills each new session. Perhaps you were looking for one of these other C-21s:

C-21 (2016) Law An Act to amend the Customs Act
C-21 (2014) Law Red Tape Reduction Act
C-21 (2011) Political Loans Accountability Act

Votes

May 18, 2023 Passed 3rd reading and adoption of Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms)
May 18, 2023 Failed Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms) (recommittal to a committee)
May 17, 2023 Passed Concurrence at report stage of Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms)
May 17, 2023 Passed Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms) (report stage amendment)
May 17, 2023 Passed Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms) (report stage amendment)
May 17, 2023 Failed Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms) (report stage amendment)
June 23, 2022 Passed C-21, 2nd reading and referral to committee - SECU
June 23, 2022 Failed C-21, 2nd reading - amendment
June 23, 2022 Failed 2nd reading of Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms) (subamendment)
June 21, 2022 Passed Time allocation for Bill C-21, An Act to amend certain Acts and to make certain consequential amendments (firearms)

Strengthening Canada's Immigration System and Borders ActGovernment Orders

October 21st, 2025 / 1:05 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Blaine Calkins Conservative Ponoka—Didsbury, AB

Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for me to rise today on behalf of the residents of Ponoka—Didsbury.

After a long decade of nihilistic Liberal rule, chaos and disorder reign supreme in our streets. Criminality may be only one of the many problems Canadians face, but it is a significant one.

A survey by Abacus Data released this year, in 2025, found that 46% of Canadians ranked crime and public safety among their top concerns. This can be contrasted with an Ipsos poll taken in June 2015, the year our previous Conservative government left office, which found that 15% of Canadians ranked crime and violence among the issues on the national agenda at the time. I will let Canadians ponder those two statistics to find out just who has been a better steward of peace, safety and security in this country.

Canadians understand that the situation is untenable. After all, it is they who have had to shoulder the burden of this rise in criminality in our communities. For context, since 2015, violent crime has spiked significantly, and it is up nearly 50%. That is not all; crime of almost every category has seen an increase: Sexual assaults are up nearly 75%, homicides are up 28%, gang-related homicides and organized crime have increased by 75%, violent firearms offences with illegal guns are up 116%, extortion is up 357%, auto theft is up 46%, and trafficking is up nearly 84%. Fraud, homicide and anything we can name are all going up. I could continue, but I think my colleagues get the picture.

This upswing in violence is not a coincidence; it is a result of soft-on-crime policies and a porous border. It is the realization of the law of unintended consequences brought on by a decade of bad policy, informed by a world view that cares more about optics than it concerns itself with the real-life effects of its own self-serving ideological agenda.

We now have a so-called government that is presenting bills in the House that purport to fix this collection of self-inflicted issues that Canadians face. These are the same problems that the members across the aisle from me created. In 2015, our Conservative government oversaw a Canada that had its lowest total crime rate since 1969. Unfortunately, the last 10 years has seen this progress almost completely erased.

It is the hypocrisy of the government that it has opposed and demonized those who support our hard-on-crime agenda while now implicitly acknowledging that Conservatives were right all along.

How did we get here? In 2022, Bill C-5 was passed. In this piece of legislation, the Liberal government removed the mandatory minimums on 14 different Criminal Code offences. These were common-sense penalties on dangerous offences that were instituted and put in place by our Conservative government; these were bills that I proudly passed when I sat on the other side of the House. They include using a firearm or imitation firearm in the commission of an offence, which people do not have to go to jail for anymore in Canada, thanks to Liberals. Possession of a firearm or weapon, knowing that its possession is unauthorized, so illegal possession of a gun, for example, is another offence that people no longer have to go to jail for.

Possession of a prohibited or restricted firearm with ammunition is an offence that people do not have to go to jail for anymore. Possession of a weapon obtained by the commission of an offence, so if someone steals a gun, they do not have to go to jail. Weapons trafficking, possession for purposes of weapons trafficking and smuggling, so someone can smuggle weapons now, in this country, and not go to jail. Importing or exporting knowing it is unauthorized is another example of smuggling; someone can traffic smuggled firearms, guns, ammunition, weapons or anything we can name. Discharging a firearm with intent and discharging a firearm recklessly are offences that people no longer need to go to jail for. If someone wants to commit a robbery, they might as well do it with a gun, because they do not have to go to jail for that either in this country anymore. Did I not just say that extortion is up 357% since 2015? The mandatory minimum penalty for extortion with a firearm is gone thanks to Bill C-5 and thanks to the Liberals and the NDP, which supported them at the time.

In fact, these policies were all informed by expert opinion, yet the Liberals did not seem to care. Instead, before passing Bill C-5, they doubled down and passed Bill C-75 during their majority tenure from 2015 to 2019. The bill eased bail provisions and legislated the principle of restraint, which was codified in the Criminal Code for police and courts to ensure that criminals would be released at the earliest possible opportunity with the least amount of restrictions. Essentially, this favours release over detention; it is precisely these two bills, along with a copious number of bad decisions made, that created the revolving door in our justice system by which offenders are free to continue to terrorize communities.

While the Liberals were making life easier for criminals by passing Bill C-5 and Bill C-75, they increased their attacks on law-abiding firearms owners, who are in no way responsible for any of this crime wave. They did so with a trifecta of bills with zero public safety value. These bills include Bill C-71, which created a backdoor gun registry; the 2020 order in council, a massive list of newly restricted firearms; and Bill C-21 in 2023, which created a national freeze on the sale, purchase and transfer of handguns for law-abiding citizens and sport shooters, as well as a new prohibition on many long guns used for hunting and sport-shooting purposes. Since the passing of these bills, the government has not stopped adding firearms to the restricted list.

The Liberals have now embarked on their so-called voluntary assault-style firearms compensation program, the gun grab, which is a program to confiscate guns from law-abiding citizens. It completely misses the mark by letting criminals go free and going after people who follow the law. If implemented, this costly and ineffective gun buyback is estimated to cost at least $5 billion, even though only $742 million has been allocated to it. With that kind of money, the government could easily fund such programs as acquiring modern scanning technology at our 119 ports of entry to secure our border.

I have an example to share that I also brought up during the committee hearings on Bill C-21. In the Cayman Islands, a high-efficiency scanner was bought. Someone can drive right through it in a truck, or a sea-can can go through it. It can be put at any port of entry. It will scan a container. It is safe for anyone who happens to be going through, and it will find all manner of contraband: drugs, people, firearms and illegal weapons. Those are about $3 million U.S. apiece.

The Liberal government is going to spend $750 million to take lawfully acquired property away from Canadians. That is about $500 million U.S. If we divide that by $3 million per scanner, we could easily put 150 of these scanners at our ports of entry to make sure we scan at least 10% of all containers coming in and going out. I think most Canadians would be shocked to realize that we do not scan a single container that leaves our country.

The shocking thing about all of this is that, with the change in administration to the south, the administration has claimed that fentanyl was flowing from Canada into the United States and, as a result, was killing American citizens. We would think a prime minister in Canada would have said the flow of illegal guns across the border from the United States into Canada is killing Canadian citizens, pushed back on the American administration and stood up for law-abiding firearms owners in this country.

However, the Liberals did not do that, because they did not want to admit that it was illegal guns killing Canadians on the street. They wanted to maintain the mantra of going after law-abiding citizens. We know that because the current public safety minister said as much when he thought nobody was listening.

How does all of this relate to Bill C-12? If the last decade is any indication, the government has an issue understanding that policy work is a careful game of trade-offs. When enacting policy, we have to heed the law of unintended consequences and try to understand the downward effects a piece of legislation may have. The Liberals did not do their due diligence on crime, and I do not think they have done it on the border bill.

When Conservatives forced the Liberals to back down on Bill C-2, we did so because we understand that the policies contained in Bill C-2 have unintended consequences and unforeseen ramifications. As with Bill C-2, we believe there could be provisions in Bill C-12 that violate people's freedoms and privacy, and it is our duty to ensure that Bill C-12 receives the proper scrutiny it deserves at the committee stage to ensure Canadians do not pay for another boondoggle of unintended, or not unintended, consequences.

FirearmsPetitionsRoutine Proceedings

October 1st, 2025 / 3:25 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Jacob Mantle Conservative York—Durham, ON

Mr. Speaker, I have two petitions to lay before the House today.

The first petition is from citizens in my riding in the community of Blackstock in the Township of Scugog with respect to the public safety minister's gun confiscation plan.

The petitioners point out that the government is trying to ban and confiscate the hunting rifles and shotguns of law-abiding hunters and sport shooters, and that Canada already has one of the most sensible and responsible regimes for controlling firearms anywhere in the world. Moreover, the petitioners note that it is not legal firearms that are the cause of gun violence in this country, but illegal firearms flooding across the border.

The residents of my riding who signed this petition therefore call on the government to repeal Bill C-21 and all relevant orders in council, regulations and other laws concerning the prohibition and confiscation of firearms; cancel the gun confiscation program; apologize to legal firearms owners in Canada; and compensate them for the loss of the use and enjoyment of their firearms.

FirearmsPetitionsRoutine Proceedings

September 24th, 2025 / 3:45 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Arnold Viersen Conservative Peace River—Westlock, AB

Madam Speaker, the second petition I have to present comes from Canadians from across the country who are concerned about the government's actions against firearms owners. They note that firearms play a big role in Canadian culture and history, and many new Canadians love to participate in the heritage of hunting and sport shooting. They are concerned about the amendments to Bill C-21 seeking to ban hunting rifles.

Therefore, the folks who have signed this petition ask the government to leave their guns alone, repeal Bill C-21, and defend and safeguard the property rights of Canadians.

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:50 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Mr. Chair, from individuals who have weapons that they should not have under Bill C-21, we will be buying back—

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:45 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Mr. Chair, the issue is about Bill C-21. Our intention is to ensure that law-abiding gun owners have the ability to hold on to their guns. At the same time, we are taking—

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:45 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Frank Caputo Conservative Kamloops—Thompson—Nicola, BC

Mr. Chair, the classification of firearms has nothing to do with that. We are not talking about Bill C-21. We are talking about whether something as basic as how a firearm is classified is known by the public safety minister.

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:45 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Mr. Chair, the questions before us today involve Bill C-21, and I will advise the House that—

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:45 p.m.


See context

Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park Ontario

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree LiberalMinister of Public Safety

Mr. Chair, what I can tell the member is that Bill C-21 addresses a number of concerns we have heard from all Canadians, but it is to ensure—

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 8:10 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Mr. Chair, Bill C-21 is meant to get serious, dangerous weapons off our streets.

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Gabriel Hardy Conservative Montmorency—Charlevoix, QC

Madam Chair, I will quote the National Police Federation, which said that Bill C‑21 diverts extremely important personnel, resources, and funding away from addressing the more immediate and growing threat of criminal use of firearms.

Does the minister agree with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police's statement?

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Gabriel Hardy Conservative Montmorency—Charlevoix, QC

Madam Chair, in my riding, many biathletes use firearms to practise their sport.

Will the legislation resulting from Bill C‑21 restrict them from using their guns to practise their sport?

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Madam Chair, Bill C-21 was brought in to protect the safety and security of Canadians. There are legal gun owners. There are hunters who legitimately hunt. It should not be impacting those individuals.

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Gabriel Hardy Conservative Montmorency—Charlevoix, QC

Madam Chair, without knowing how shooting ranges work, the Liberals are prepared to take action and take this option away from sport shooters who use firearms legally, in a structured and effective manner.

Will the legislation resulting from Bill C‑21 affect these people?

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Liberal

Gary Anandasangaree Liberal Scarborough—Guildwood—Rouge Park, ON

Madam Chair, we have a fairly robust set of guidelines for restricting guns, and Bill C-21 addresses many of the concerns that I have heard from my constituents.

Main Estimates, 2025-26Business of SupplyGovernment Orders

June 5th, 2025 / 6:40 p.m.


See context

Conservative

Gabriel Hardy Conservative Montmorency—Charlevoix, QC

Madam Chair, throughout my election campaign, I had the privilege of meeting people from all over Montmorency—Charlevoix who talked to me about the legislation stemming from Bill C‑21. Farmers, hunters, sport shooters and even athletes told me how worried they were.

Can the minister tell us whether he agrees that the legislation stemming from Bill C‑21 is unfair?