The House is on summer break, scheduled to return Sept. 15

One Canadian Economy Act

An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act

Sponsor

Dominic LeBlanc  Liberal

Status

This bill has received Royal Assent and is, or will soon become, law.

Summary

This is from the published bill. The Library of Parliament has also written a full legislative summary of the bill.

Part 1 enacts the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act , which establishes a statutory framework to remove federal barriers to the interprovincial trade of goods and services and to improve labour mobility within Canada. In the case of goods and services, that Act provides that a good or service that meets provincial or territorial requirements is considered to meet comparable federal requirements that pertain to the interprovincial movement of the good or provision of the service. In the case of workers, it provides for the recognition of provincial and territorial authorizations to practise occupations and for the issuance of comparable federal authorizations to holders of such provincial and territorial authorizations. It also provides the Governor in Council with the power to make regulations respecting federal barriers to the interprovincial movement of goods and provision of services and to the movement of labour within Canada.
Part 2 enacts the Building Canada Act , which, among other things,
(a) authorizes the Governor in Council to add the name of a project and a brief description of it to a schedule to that Act if the Governor in Council is of the opinion, having regard to certain factors, that the project is in the national interest;
(b) provides that determinations and findings that have to be made and opinions that have to be formed under certain Acts of Parliament and regulations for an authorization to be granted in respect of a project that is named in Schedule 1 to that Act are deemed to have been made or formed, as the case may be, in favour of permitting the project to be carried out in whole or in part;
(c) requires the minister who is designated under that Act to issue to the proponent of a project, if certain conditions are met, a document that sets out conditions that apply in respect of the project and that is deemed to be the authorizations, required under certain Acts of Parliament and regulations, that are specified in the document; and
(d) requires that minister, each year, to cause an independent review to be conducted of the status of each national interest project.

Elsewhere

All sorts of information on this bill is available at LEGISinfo, an excellent resource from Parliament. You can also read the full text of the bill.

Bill numbers are reused for different bills each new session. Perhaps you were looking for one of these other C-5s:

C-5 (2021) Law An Act to amend the Criminal Code and the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
C-5 (2020) Law An Act to amend the Bills of Exchange Act, the Interpretation Act and the Canada Labour Code (National Day for Truth and Reconciliation)
C-5 (2020) An Act to amend the Judges Act and the Criminal Code
C-5 (2016) An Act to repeal Division 20 of Part 3 of the Economic Action Plan 2015 Act, No. 1

Votes

June 20, 2025 Passed 3rd reading and adoption of Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (Part 2)
June 20, 2025 Passed 3rd reading and adoption of Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (Part 1)
June 20, 2025 Passed Concurrence at report stage of Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act
June 20, 2025 Failed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 19)
June 20, 2025 Passed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 18)
June 20, 2025 Failed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 15)
June 20, 2025 Failed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 11)
June 20, 2025 Passed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 9)
June 20, 2025 Passed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 7)
June 20, 2025 Passed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 5)
June 20, 2025 Failed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 4)
June 20, 2025 Failed Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act (report stage amendment) (Motion 1)
June 16, 2025 Passed 2nd reading of Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act

Debate Summary

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This is a computer-generated summary of the speeches below. Usually it’s accurate, but every now and then it’ll contain inaccuracies or total fabrications.

Bill C-5, the one Canadian economy act, aims to enhance Canada's economy by reducing interprovincial trade barriers and expediting the approval process for projects deemed to be in the national interest.

Liberal

  • Builds one Canadian economy: The bill fulfills the mandate from the election to build one strong, healthy Canadian economy instead of 13 separate ones, aiming for the strongest economy in the G7.
  • Shifts focus east-west: Due to changes in the north-south relationship with the U.S., Canada must now focus inward on building stronger east-west ties for economic security and sovereignty.
  • Enhances trade and mobility: The bill includes the free trade and labour mobility act to remove interprovincial barriers and the building Canada act to support major nation-building projects.

Conservative

  • Bill C-5 admits failure: Conservatives argue Bill C-5 is an admission that Liberal policies over the past decade have created excessive barriers, making it impossible to build national projects.
  • Bill is flawed but improved: Conservatives find the bill deeply flawed, relying on ministerial discretion and failing to fix root issues, but worked with other parties to add improvements.
  • Secured key amendments: Through amendments, Conservatives secured requirements for defining national interest, public project lists, conflict of interest application, national security reviews, and clearer indigenous consultation.
  • Call for repealing laws: Despite improvements, fundamental problems remain. Conservatives call for repealing harmful anti-development laws like Bill C-69 and the carbon tax to fix the system properly.

NDP

  • Criticizes parliamentary process: The party criticizes the government for rushing the bill, calling it a power grab that bypasses democracy, parliamentary process, and necessary consultations.
  • Supports part 1 with caution: The NDP supports splitting the bill and generally agrees with reducing non-tariff barriers and improving labour mobility, but is cautious about implementation to avoid lowering standards.
  • Opposes part 2 on national interest projects: The party has serious concerns about the second part, citing vague definitions, circumvention of environmental laws, weakened accountability, and excessive ministerial power.
  • Warns of negative consequences: The party warns that concentrating power and bypassing checks for national interest projects will lead to irreversible mistakes, litigation, and potential disregard for Indigenous rights and community concerns.

Bloc

  • Bill rushed through parliament: The party strongly opposes the bill being rushed through with a gag order, allowing minimal study and witness testimony, calling it undemocratic and a disgrace.
  • Gives government excessive power: The bill gives the government excessive power to choose and fast-track major projects and bypass laws by order in council, undermining democracy and accountability.
  • Ignores Quebec's interests: The party considers the bill an example of predatory federalism that ignores Quebec's jurisdiction, fails to address its economic needs like tariffs, and primarily benefits oil/gas projects.

Green

  • Views bill as power grab: The Green Party views Bill C-5 as an unprecedented power grab by cabinet, not a genuine response to protect the economy as claimed by the government.
  • Criticizes rushed process: The Green Party criticizes the unprecedented rush and "guillotine" process used for Bill C-5, which limited debate and prevented hearing from experts and indigenous groups.
  • Undermines indigenous rights: The Green Party is deeply concerned that Bill C-5 undermines free, prior, and informed consent and disrespects indigenous rights and environmental laws by prioritizing speed.
  • Supports report stage amendments: The Green Party urges government members to support report stage amendments to Bill C-5 to reduce unaccountability and the potential for abuse of the powers granted.
Was this summary helpful and accurate?

The House proceeded to the consideration of Bill C-5, An Act to enact the Free Trade and Labour Mobility in Canada Act and the Building Canada Act, as reported (with amendments) from the committee.

Speaker's RulingOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

The Deputy Speaker Tom Kmiec

There are 26 motions in amendment standing on the Notice Paper for the report stage of Bill C-5.

Motions Nos. 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12 to 14, 17, 20, 25 and 26 will not be selected by the Chair because they could have been presented in committee.

All remaining motions have been examined and the Chair is satisfied they meet the guidelines expressed in the note to Standing Order 76.1(5), regarding the selections of motions and amendments at the report stage.

Motions Nos. 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19 and 21 to 24 will be grouped for debate and voted upon according to the voting pattern available at the table.

I will now put Motions Nos. 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19 and 21 to 24 to the House.

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Bloc

Xavier Barsalou-Duval Bloc Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères, QC

moved:

That Bill C-5 be amended by deleting Clause 4.

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Conservative

Chris Warkentin Conservative Grande Prairie, AB

moved:

Motion No. 4

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing lines 2 and 3 on page 9 with the following:

“tee of both Houses of Parliament, designated or established for the purposes of section 24, which shall

(a) include at least one member of the House of Commons from each party that has a recognized membership of 12 or more persons in that House and at least the Leader of the Government in the Senate or Government Representative in the Senate, or his or her nominee, the Leader of the Opposition in the Senate, or his or her nominee, and the Leader or Facilitator who is referred to in any of paragraphs 62.4(1)(c) to (e) of the Parliament of Canada Act, or his or her nominee; and (b) have as its chair or joint chair, on the part of the House of Commons, a member of that House who is not a member of the government party.

Motion No. 5

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 3 on page 9 with the following:

“Act. Its chair or joint chair, on the part of the House of Commons, shall be a member of that House who is not a member of the government party.

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Conservative

Shannon Stubbs Conservative Lakeland, AB

moved:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing, in the French version, line 12 on page 11 with the following:

“b) que tout titulaire de charge publique principal, au sens de”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Gatineau Québec

Liberal

Steven MacKinnon Liberalfor the Minister responsible for Canada-U.S. Trade

moved:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 5 on page 12 with the following:

(c) detailed cost estimates that do not include private sector commercially sensitive financial information; and

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Green

Elizabeth May Green Saanich—Gulf Islands, BC

moved, seconded by the member for Courtenay—Alberni:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 13 on page 13 with the following:

“participation of the affected Indigenous peoples and the public and that”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:05 a.m.

Conservative

Philip Lawrence Conservative Northumberland—Clarke, ON

moved:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended

(a) by replacing lines 27 and 28 on page 14 with the following: “dissolved.”;

(b) by replacing lines 21 and 22 on page 19 with the following: “or dissolved.”;

(c) by replacing lines 3 and 4 on page 20 with the following: “rogued or dissolved.”; and

(d) by replacing lines 10 and 11 on page 20 with the following: “rogued or dissolved.”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Steven MacKinnon Liberal Gatineau, QC

moved:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by

(a) replacing lines 7 and 8 on page 15 with the following:

partments and agencies regarding the project;

(b) replacing lines 24 to 27 on page 15 with the following:

(4) The Minister must cause to be tabled a report containing the information set out in paragraphs (1)(a) to (e) in each House of Parliament and, at the request of 10 or more members of that House, must appear, to explain the Minister’s decisions in

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Bloc

Marilène Gill Bloc Côte-Nord—Kawawachikamach—Nitassinan, QC

moved:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by adding after line 2 on page 19 the following:

“(b.1) the Canada Labour Code;”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Green

Elizabeth May Green Saanich—Gulf Islands, BC

moved, seconded by the member for Courtenay—Alberni:

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by adding after line 15 on page 19 the following:

“(m.1) the Species at Risk Act;”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Conservative

Philip Lawrence Conservative Northumberland—Clarke, ON

moved:

Motion No. 21

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 7 on page 21 with the following:

“Canada, including its prosperity and economic security, assured in part by the pursuit of the objectives”

Motion No. 22

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 8 on page 21 with the following:

“set out in section 4 relating to the development of natural resources, energy products and related infrastructure, shared jurisdiction, public”

Motion No. 23

That Bill C-5, in Clause 4, be amended by replacing line 9 on page 21 with the following:

“safety, national and international security, the facilitation of export markets, the quality of”

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Bloc

Xavier Barsalou-Duval Bloc Pierre-Boucher—Les Patriotes—Verchères, QC

moved:

That Bill C-5 be amended by deleting the Schedule.

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:10 a.m.

Winnipeg North Manitoba

Liberal

Kevin Lamoureux LiberalParliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Government in the House of Commons

Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure to rise today to talk about a very important message that is rooted in the April 28 election.

Liberals throughout the country campaigned extensively, during a federal campaign, during which we heard some very common themes at the door. The predominant one was the issue of how, as a nation, we are going to be able to face the threat of potential tariffs, concerns about trade and President Donald Trump from the United States.

There was a great deal of concern about what was taking place. We can reflect on what was happening during the election, and we saw that, for Canadians, there was that contrast between the Liberals and the Conservatives. On the one hand, we had a leader who was a former governor of the Bank of Canada. By the way, he had actually been appointed by Stephen Harper at the time. The Leader of the Liberal Party also had the background of being a former governor of the Bank of England. He is an economist, someone who truly understood how an economy works.

Contrast that to the leader of the Conservative Party, who is a career politician. Personally, I do not have anything against career politicians. Some might say that I am one, too, but I do know that, during the election, that weighed heavily on the minds of Canadians.

We had the right leader at the right time going into a federal election, and he was able to address the concerns of Canadians.

Motions in AmendmentOne Canadian Economy ActGovernment Orders

June 20th, 2025 / 10:15 a.m.

Conservative

Kelly McCauley Conservative Edmonton West, AB

Mr. Speaker, on a point of order, as much as I am enjoying this harangue, what is the relevance to Bill C-5?